Home Energy Audit Guide

What is a Home Energy Audit?

A home energy audit is a comprehensive assessment of how your home uses and loses energy. Using specialized diagnostic tools, a certified building analyst evaluates your home’s insulation, air sealing, moisture levels, and air quality to identify exactly where problems exist.

Think of it as a physical exam for your house. Instead of guessing why your home feels drafty or your energy bills keep climbing, an audit reveals the specific issues and prioritizes the fixes that will make the biggest difference.

Why Minnesota Homes Need Energy Audits

Minnesota’s extreme climate puts unique demands on homes. With heating seasons lasting six months or more and temperatures regularly dropping below zero, even small performance issues add up to significant energy waste and discomfort.

The problem is that most energy problems are invisible. You can’t see air leaking through your walls. You can’t tell if your insulation has settled, gotten wet, or was poorly installed in the first place. Your real estate agent may have told you the home is insulated, but that doesn’t mean it’s working properly.

An energy audit takes the guesswork out of home performance. Instead of throwing money at problems you think you have, you’ll know exactly what’s wrong and what to fix first.

What Happens During an Energy Audit

A thorough energy audit takes 2-3 hours depending on your home’s size. Here’s what to expect:

Visual Inspection

The building analyst starts by walking through your entire home, examining the attic, basement, crawl spaces, and all the nooks and crannies where problems hide. They’re looking for obvious issues like gaps, damaged insulation, moisture stains, and ventilation problems.

Blower Door Test

The blower door test is the signature diagnostic of any energy audit. A powerful fan mounted in your exterior door depressurizes the house, forcing outside air to rush in through every crack and gap. This reveals exactly how leaky your home is and helps pinpoint where air is infiltrating.

Results are measured in air changes per hour (ACH50). Most existing Minnesota homes test between 7-15 ACH50. Current building code requires 3 ACH50 or better for new construction.

Infrared Thermography

Using a specialized thermal imaging camera, the analyst takes color-coded pictures that reveal exactly where heat is escaping from your home. Cold spots show up as blue or purple against the warmer orange and yellow areas.

This technology gives you “x-ray vision” into your walls without cutting them open. It shows missing insulation, thermal bridging through framing, and air leaks that would otherwise be impossible to detect. When combined with the blower door test, infrared scanning becomes even more powerful since depressurizing the home makes air leaks easier to see on camera.

Room-by-Room Pressure Testing

This test measures how connected each room is to the outdoors. The goal is 0% connection in heated and cooled spaces, and 100% connection in your garage and attic. Pressure imbalances between rooms can cause comfort issues, moisture problems, and wasted energy.

Moisture and Air Quality Assessment

The analyst checks for moisture problems that can damage insulation and cause mold growth. They also evaluate indoor air quality concerns, including potential backdrafting from combustion appliances.

What You’ll Learn from Your Energy Audit

After testing is complete, your building analyst will walk you through the findings and explain:

• Where your home is losing energy – Specific locations of air leaks, insulation gaps, and thermal weaknesses
• How your home compares – Your blower door score relative to other homes and building code standards
• What’s causing comfort problems – Why certain rooms are always cold, why you have ice dams, why your floors feel drafty
• Prioritized recommendations – Which improvements will have the biggest impact on comfort and energy savings
• Estimated costs and savings – What upgrades cost and how quickly they’ll pay for themselves

Common Problems Energy Audits Reveal

After thousands of audits on Minnesota homes, we see the same issues again and again:

Missing or Inadequate Insulation

Even homes that were insulated when built often have problems. Insulation settles over time, especially blown cellulose. Some wall cavities were never filled completely. Additions and remodels create gaps where new construction meets old. An audit reveals exactly where your insulation is failing.

Air Leaks in Hidden Places

The biggest air leaks are usually in places you’d never think to look: the attic hatch, recessed lights, plumbing and electrical penetrations, the rim joist area, and gaps where additions connect to the original structure. Air sealing these hidden leaks often provides the best return on investment.

Ductwork Problems

Leaky ducts in unconditioned spaces waste enormous amounts of energy. If your ducts run through the attic or crawl space, you could be heating and cooling spaces you don’t live in.

Moisture Issues

Poor ventilation, air leaks, and inadequate insulation can all contribute to moisture problems. Left unchecked, excess moisture leads to mold growth, rotted framing, and damaged insulation.

The Value of Documentation

Your energy audit report provides valuable documentation that serves multiple purposes:

• Before and after comparison – After improvements are made, a follow-up blower door test proves exactly how much better your home performs
• Resale value – Documentation of energy improvements and test results can be a selling point when your home goes on the market
• Rebate qualification – Some utility rebate programs require pre and post testing to qualify for incentives
• Contractor accountability – Test results verify that work was done correctly, not just completed

What Happens After the Audit

Armed with your audit results, you can make informed decisions about home improvements. Most Minnesota homes benefit from a combination of air sealing and insulation upgrades.

The audit prioritizes improvements by impact, so you can tackle the biggest problems first or plan a phased approach that fits your budget. Some homeowners address everything at once; others start with air sealing and add insulation later.

Either way, you’re no longer guessing. You know exactly what your home needs and why.

Schedule Your Energy Audit

If your Minnesota home has comfort problems, high energy bills, ice dams, or rooms that never seem to reach the right temperature, an energy audit will show you exactly why.

Contact RetroGreen Energy to schedule your energy audit. Our BPI-certified building analysts will diagnose your home’s performance and give you a clear path to improvement.